3 million Americans at risk from man-made earthquakes this year
Those at highest risk are in Oklahoma and Kansas, the U.S. Geological Survey said Wednesday in a new report that cites wastewater disposal from fracking as triggering the quakes. The number of Americans affected this year is less than in 2016, when the USGS said 7 million were at risk. The drop could be due to a decrease in fracking. Ref. USAToday.
Shale gas threat to forests can be eased by consolidating infrastructure
Fragmentation of ecologically important core forests within the northern Appalachians -- driven by pipeline and access road construction -- is the major threat posed by shale-gas development, according to researchers, who recommend a change in infrastructure-siting policies to head off loss of this critical habitat. Ref. Source 1a.
Human-made earthquake risk reduced if fracking is 895m from faults. The risk of human-made earthquakes due to fracking is greatly reduced if high-pressure fluid injection used to crack underground rocks is 895m away from faults in the Earth's crust, according to new research. Source 3k.
Water use for fracking has risen by up to 770 percent since 2011. The amount of water used per well for fracking surged by up to 770 percent between 2011 and 2016 in all major US shale gas- and oil-producing regions, a new study finds. The volume of flowback and produced water that new wells generated during their first year of operation also increased by up to 1,440 percent. If this rapid intensification continues, fracking's water footprint could grow by up to 50-fold by the year 2030. Source 1m.
Swapping water for CO2 could make fracking greener and more effective. Scientists have demonstrated that CO2 may make a better hydraulic fracturing (Fracking) fluid than water. New research could help pave the way for a more eco-friendly form of fracking that would double as a mechanism for storing captured atmospheric CO2. Source 4x.